The treatment of advanced prostatitis - both chronic and acute - is a complex task that requires the parallel use of several medications.
Each specific case individually creates the necessary list of medications, depending on the patient's medical history, the course of the disease and a number of other important factors.
Types of drugs
The selection of inexpensive but effective drugs for prostatitis is based on understanding the causes of the disease and the features of its manifestation, however, antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs should be considered key aspects of any list of medications.Furthermore, if the latter may be of a general nature, it is advisable to prescribe antibiotic therapy taking into account the reaction to a specific type of pathogen identified in tests.
In addition, prostatitis medications such as various types of antipyretics, analgesics, diuretics, alpha-blockers, antispasmodics, antiandrogens, and laxatives can be used in therapy.
Modern medicines can be classified not only according to their intended purpose, but also according to the form of release:
- injections (shots):Treatment of prostate inflammation with injections is justified, first of all, in the case of a serious condition of the patient that requires immediate stabilization.As a rule, medicines concentrated in ampoules are diluted to obtain a solution, after which they are prescribed for intramuscular or intravenous infusion;
- candles:Medicines in the form of suppositories are relevant during the routine treatment of chronic prostatitis or as medicines for the prevention of prostatitis.In some cases, suppositories are prescribed to increase potency, as the absorption of the substance through the intestinal mucosa ensures its better penetration into the prostate tissue;
- tablets and capsules:These medicinal forms are the most common in the standard treatment regimen for chronic or acute prostatitis.Tablets are easy to dose and convenient to take, which is why most antibiotics, anti-inflammatories and decongestants (alpha-blockers or 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors) are produced in this form;
- instillation:This is a little-practiced method of treatment for prostatitis, the essence of which is to inject a medicinal solution into the urethra or bladder using a special syringe.The main purpose of instillations is to restore damaged mucous membranes, destroy pathogenic microflora and suppress inflammatory processes;
- microenemas:small cold enemas reduce local swelling, inflammation and pain in the prostate, although at the same time they impair the transport of medicines to the tissue.In the final stages of therapy and after recovery, courses of microenemas with solutions based on herbal preparations can be carried out.When liquid is retained in the intestine for a sufficiently long time, its mucous membrane absorbs useful substances;
- plasters:Skin patches, as well as microenemas, are auxiliary measures in the treatment of the prostate, but they have a supporting effect on the body, complementing complete drug therapy.
When choosing the pharmaceutical form of a medicine, you must also take into account, in addition to the patient's condition, your own preferences.
Some patients have difficulty swallowing tablets, while others are contraindicated for rectal suppositories due to the presence of inflammatory diseases in the anorectal region.
Factors such as the availability and cost of medicines also play a significant role - it is not always possible to find a fast-acting and inexpensive medicine for prostatitis, so you have to take less effective analogues.
Antibiotics
Antibiotic selection requires a selective approach, as it is important to choose a drug that suppresses a specific type (or types) of inflammatory prostatitis pathogens.Why do doctors study swabs taken from the urethra, urine tests, and samples of prostate secretions?
It is highly desirable to use antibacterial antibiotics that have bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects, so that the drug not only blocks the spread of infection, but also actively destroys dangerous microorganisms.
Beta-lactam antibiotics such as aminoglycosides are less preferred, although they are inexpensive.Unlike fluoroquinolones and macrolides, they are characterized by a weak ability to penetrate prostate tissue and create the necessary concentrations of the active substance in it.
Fluoroquinolones are powerful bactericidal drugs, significantly superior to bacteriostatic agents in this parameter.
Alpha blockers
This group of drugs is actively used not only for prostatitis, but also for prostate adenoma, and its effectiveness is based on blocking alpha-adrenergic receptors to prevent their contact with norepinephrine and adrenergic agonists.As a result, the receptors in the vessels do not receive vasoconstrictive nerve signals, due to which their expansion is achieved with subsequent improvement in blood circulation.
It should be noted that selective alpha1-adrenergic blockers are actively used in urology, acting on receptors in the tissues of the bladder, prostate and urinary tract.
Reducing tissue swelling not only improves urodynamics, but also tones the entire male genitourinary system, helping to eliminate, among other things, impotence and decreased erections.
Anti-inflammatory medications
Prostatitis in men is treated with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs/NSAIDs), which meet the requirements for effectiveness, but at the same time are safe for the body.
The purpose of these medications is to suppress the inflammatory process affecting the prostate and possibly the seminal vesicles, bladder neck, and distal urinary tract.
After a decrease in the clinical severity of prostate inflammation, normalization of the patient's condition is observed, including a decrease in body temperature, a decrease in prostate swelling, elimination of urinary tract obstruction and suppression of pain in the anogenital area.
Hormonal drugs
The use of hormonal drugs in the treatment of prostatitis is allowed only in the case of an advanced chronic course of the disease, in which antibiotics, alpha-blockers and anti-inflammatory drugs are not able to normalize disturbed hormonal levels.
Depending on the goals, the patient can be prescribed both androgens, which increase the level of male hormones (testosterone) in the blood, and estrogens, which suppress the production of dihydrotestosterone, which causes the proliferation of prostate tissue.
All hormonal medications are sold strictly on prescription and must be used exclusively as prescribed by the attending physician, as incorrect or untimely dosage can harm the patient's health.
Immunomodulators
The complicated course of acute prostatitis is aggravated by the development of immunosuppression, which can intensify under the influence of various antibiotics and other medications.Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the body's resistance to pathogenic microflora, which is done with the help of immunostimulants.
There are many different medications of this type.
Do not forget that vitamins A, C and E also help to strengthen the immune system, which is why experts recommend actively consuming foods that contain these substances in large quantities.
Painkillers
Painkillers are usually necessary in the initial stages of therapy, when the treatment has not yet had time to functionally improve the state of the prostate gland, which is why the patient feels pain when urinating, defecating, sitting for a long time on a hard surface or physical activity.
Typically, moderate-strength pain relievers taken as prescribed one to three times a day are sufficient.
These products have many structural analogues (generics) and are produced by different companies, but doctors advise not to overpay for the brand.
Muscle relaxants
From the class of muscle relaxants, in urology it is customary to prescribe antispasmodics - medications that help relax smooth muscles that are in a state of spasm.This therapy is effective for acute prostatitis, which causes involuntary spasms of the prostate muscles and the entire pelvic floor.
The use of antispasmodics is unnecessary: just take them in moderate doses during the first days or weeks of general therapy.Furthermore, these medicines should not be abused in order to avoid the risk of dysfunction of the relevant organs and systems of the body.
Vegetable
Herbal medicines prescribed for prostatitis are most often dietary supplements, available in the form of rectal suppositories, capsules or tablets.
Among the popular extracts that form the basis of such preparations are the bark of the African plum, the fruits of the creeping (or dwarf) palm, and the herb of creeping Tribulus.Slightly less commonly used is an extract from the prostate of animals (cattle).
There is also a group of medicines, such as homeopathic medicines, for the treatment of prostate inflammation.
For the prevention of prostatitis
Preventing prostatitis first requires maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including regular sexual activity.But to maintain tone, you can also use various medications - as a rule, we are talking about dietary supplements of plant origin.
Since the manufacturers of these dietary supplements claim their ability to help with weakened libido, impotence, erectile dysfunction and other disorders of the male genitourinary system, they should be taken with caution as prophylactic agents for prostatitis.
It should be remembered that many of these capsules and tablets are aphrodisiacs, which is inappropriate in many situations.